Terms of Use and Sale

Last updated: 16 August 2026

1. About us

This website is operated by Assetreal Limited. Assetreal Limited is registered in Scotland under company number SC291082. Its registered office is at 111 West George Street, Glasgow G2 1QX. Email: enquiries@assetreal.co. VAT number: 246 2417 16.

2. Application of these terms

These terms apply to use of this website and to publication licence requests, orders and purchases initiated through it. By using the website, you agree to comply with the provisions concerning website use. By submitting a publication licence request and subsequently purchasing a publication, you agree to the provisions concerning its sale and supply. Separate licence terms apply to each publication and form part of the purchase contract. The applicable Publication Licence is available on this website and should be reviewed before a licence request is submitted. Submission of a licence request does not constitute an order accepted by Assetreal and does not oblige Assetreal to supply a publication.

Commissioned research and advisory engagements are subject to separate written engagement terms agreed with the client. These Terms of Use and Sale do not govern such engagements except in relation to use of this website.

3. Website information

Assetreal takes reasonable care in preparing the information presented on this website. Website content is provided for general information and may be changed, corrected or withdrawn without notice. Assetreal does not guarantee that the website will always be available, uninterrupted or free from technical errors. Nothing on this website constitutes investment, legal, accounting, tax or other regulated professional advice.

4. Publications and eligible purchasers

Assetreal publications are independently authored professional reference works based principally on publicly available information, research, assumptions and analytical judgement. Product pages describe the subject, format, publication date, available licence types and price of each publication. Direct publication licences are offered to businesses, organisations and professional practices. By submitting a licence request, the requester confirms that the publication is being acquired wholly or mainly for purposes connected with the purchaser’s trade, business, craft or profession and not wholly or mainly for private consumer purposes. Unless expressly agreed otherwise, an individual professional licence permits use by one named licensed user only. Institutional, team, multi-reader or other organisational use requires a separate written licence.

5. Licence requests, orders and payment

A publication licence request asks Assetreal to review the prospective purchaser’s details and, where appropriate, issue payment instructions. Assetreal may verify the information supplied, request additional information or decline a request. Where a request is accepted, Assetreal may issue: a secure customer-specific card-payment link; or an invoice for payment by bank transfer. The payment instructions will identify the publication, licence type, price and purchaser. Unless otherwise stated, payment instructions are personal to the approved purchaser and must not be forwarded or used by another person or organisation. Assetreal’s issue of payment instructions constitutes an offer to supply the identified publication under these terms and the applicable Publication Licence. A contract is formed when Assetreal receives the required payment in cleared funds. Unless otherwise stated, prices are stated in pounds sterling. The applicable UK VAT treatment and any other amounts payable to Assetreal will be shown in the payment instructions or invoice. Card payments are processed by the payment provider identified in the payment instructions. Bank transfers may be received through Assetreal’s bank or another payment or electronic-money provider identified in the invoice or payment instructions. Assetreal does not directly receive or retain complete payment-card details. Assetreal may decline a licence request or withdraw payment instructions where: purchaser or business information cannot reasonably be confirmed; information supplied is materially incomplete or inconsistent; there are reasonable grounds to suspect fraud, unauthorised purchasing or misuse; the publication or price contains a material error; supply would breach applicable law, sanctions, these terms or the Publication Licence; or the requested licence is inappropriate for the intended use. If payment has been received but Assetreal cannot lawfully or reasonably complete the order, the amount received will be refunded.

6. Digital delivery

Publications are supplied electronically as PDF files. The individually licensed PDF will be made available by secure electronic download, sent directly by email, or supplied through another appropriate electronic delivery method. Where delivery is made through a website or download service, access may be provided on a confirmation or download page and may also be supported by a download link or access instructions sent to the professional email address supplied for the named licensed user. Where delivery is made directly by email, the PDF will be sent to that professional email address. Delivery will normally take place within one business day and no later than two business days after cleared payment. Delivery occurs when the PDF is made available through the applicable confirmation, access or download page, or when the PDF, download link or access instructions are sent to the professional email address supplied, as applicable.

The delivered file may include the name of the licensed user, the purchaser or organisation, the invoice or order reference, the delivery date, a licence notice and technical protections.

The purchaser is responsible for:

providing accurate purchaser and licensed-user information;

providing and maintaining access to the professional email address supplied;

checking spam, junk and security folders;

ensuring that organisational email and security controls permit receipt of the PDF, download link or access instructions;

downloading the publication within any stated access period; and

using software capable of opening a standard PDF file.

If the licensed user does not receive or cannot access the PDF, download link or access instructions within the stated period, is unable to download the publication, or cannot open the supplied file, the purchaser should contact enquiries@assetreal.co with the relevant order details. Where appropriate, Assetreal may resend the PDF, reissue or extend the download link, restore access or provide an alternative electronic delivery method.

7. Cancellation, refunds and defective files

Assetreal accepts publication licence requests on a business-to-business basis. Business and professional purchasers do not have a general contractual cooling-off or change-of-mind cancellation right after payment. Assetreal may, at its discretion, agree to cancel an order before delivery. This does not affect any rights that cannot lawfully be excluded. Where a publication file is inaccessible, corrupted, materially misdescribed or not supplied in accordance with the contract, Assetreal may, as appropriate: provide a replacement file; correct the relevant problem; resend the publication; or issue a full or partial refund. A purchaser must notify Assetreal of any technical delivery or file-access problem within five business days after the Publication, download link or access instructions are sent and must provide sufficient information for the problem to be investigated. If a problem could not reasonably have been identified within that period, the purchaser must notify Assetreal promptly after becoming aware of it. This does not affect any rights that cannot lawfully be excluded. In the absence of such notification, the Publication will be treated as having been received and technically accessible, unless the problem could not reasonably have been identified within that period.

8. Publication licence

Copyright and all other intellectual-property rights in each publication remain with Assetreal Limited and, where applicable, the author identified in the publication. An individual professional purchase grants the named licensed user a limited, non-exclusive, non-transferable licence for individual professional use. The purchaser is responsible for ensuring that the named licensed user complies with the licence. Unless a separate written licence expressly permits otherwise, neither the purchaser nor the named licensed user may: share or forward the publication to another person; circulate it within an organisation; upload it to a shared drive, document repository, intranet or research platform; resell, sublicense, republish or distribute it; reproduce substantial parts of it; remove or alter copyright, licence, purchaser, order-reference or attribution notices; make the publication available through a library or document-sharing facility; or use the publication with an artificial-intelligence system, large-language-model service or automated content-ingestion service except as expressly permitted by the Publication Licence;. Reasonable personal printing, storage on the named licensed user’s own devices and private annotation are permitted. The complete licence terms are contained in the Publication Licence page. Where there is any conflict concerning permitted use of the publication, the Publication Licence will govern.

9. No investment advice or recommendation

Publications are provided as independent research and professional reference works. They are not prepared for the personal circumstances, portfolio, mandate or proposed transaction of any particular recipient. They do not provide a personal recommendation or advice to buy, sell, hold, subscribe for or underwrite any security. Valuations, scenarios, forecasts and conclusions are conditional on the evidence, assumptions and methodology described in the publication. Actual outcomes may differ materially. Purchasers and licensed users remain responsible for their own analysis, professional advice, internal approvals and decisions.

10. Reliance and third-party information

Publications may refer to information obtained from company reports, regulatory filings, market data, public databases and other third-party sources. Although reasonable care is taken, Assetreal does not warrant that all third-party information is complete, error-free or current after the stated valuation or publication date. Unless expressly stated otherwise, Assetreal has no obligation to update a publication following changes in market conditions, company information or other circumstances.

11. Liability

Nothing in these terms excludes or limits any liability that cannot lawfully be excluded or limited. Subject to those exclusions and to any rights that cannot legally be restricted, Assetreal will not be liable for: investment, transaction or commercial decisions made using a publication; loss of profit, revenue, opportunity, anticipated savings or business; indirect or consequential loss; loss caused by reliance on third-party information; or unauthorised use or redistribution by a purchaser, licensed user or third party. To the extent permitted by law, Assetreal’s total liability arising from the supply of a publication will not exceed the amount paid for that publication.

12. Privacy and purchaser records

Personal information collected through the website, licence-request form, purchaser-verification process, payment process and publication delivery is handled in accordance with the Privacy Notice. Assetreal may retain: the submitted licence request; purchaser and licensed-user details; declarations and acceptance records; verification information; payment and invoice records; the personalised publication supplied; download, access and delivery records; and delivery correspondence. Information required to process a card payment or bank transfer may be provided directly to the relevant payment provider, bank or electronic-money institution under its own privacy terms.

13. Changes to these terms

Assetreal may revise these terms from time to time. The terms applicable to a purchase are those made available when the licence request is submitted and identified or incorporated in the payment instructions issued for that purchase. Changes made after a contract has been formed will not retrospectively alter that contract unless required by law or agreed in writing by both parties.

14. Governing law and jurisdiction

These terms, each publication licence request, order and purchase, and any dispute or claim arising out of or in connection with them, their subject matter or formation, including any non-contractual dispute or claim, shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of England and Wales.

The courts of England and Wales shall have exclusive jurisdiction to settle any such dispute or claim.

15. Contact

Questions concerning a licence request, order, publication or these terms may be sent to enquiries@assetreal.co.